Formulation and Evaluation of multipurpose herbal cream

Abstract

Herbal cold cream are semi solid preparation used for the complexion of the face, enhance the appearance The main aim to this research work to prepare a herbal cold cream from using different herbs and prepare a herbal face cream to evaluate the efficacy The formulated herbal cold cream is evaluated for the various parameters like organoleptic properties, pH, stability, consistency, homogeneity and appearance. Herbal cosmetics are products that are used to enhance one's look. The goal of the research was to develop a herbal cold cream for moisturizing, nourishing, enhancing whitening, and treating various skin diseases. Curcu-ma longa (Turmeric powder), cucumber extract, Aloe barbadensis (Aloe-vera leaves), and Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi leaves) are some of the basic herbs used to make the herbal cold cream. The selection of components is based on various therapeutic characteristics.

Keywords

Introduction

Cream is described as semi solid emulsions of the water in oil (w/o) or oil in water (o/w) type that are meant to be applied externally. Cream is divided into two categories: water in oil emulsion and oil in water. Its primary function is to stay longer at the application site when applied to the outer or superficial layers of the skin.

Creams serve a variety of cosmetic functions, including cleansing, beautifying, modifying appearance, protecting, and therapeutic. These topical preparations are intended to deliver drugs locally, into the mucous membrane or the skin's underlying layer. These products are intended to be used topically to improve the drug's site-specific delivery to the skin.

Since creams are made using methods developed in the pharmaceutical industry, they are regarded as pharmaceutical products. Both medicated and unmedicated creams are widely used to treat dermatoses and other skin problems. People can utilize creams that are allopathic, herbal, or ayurveda based on the demands of their individual skin issues. They include one or more drug ingredients that have been dissolved or spread in an appropriate base.

5. Types of skin cream

• Water-in-Oil (W/O) creams: -

Creams called Water-in-Oil (W/O) are made of tiny water droplets scattered throughout an oily phase that is constant. The emulsion is of the water-in-oil type when the dispersed phase is water and the dispersion medium is oil.

• Oil-in-Water (O/W) creams: -

Creams that contain small oil droplets distributed in a continuous phase are known as oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions. On the other hand, an emulsion in which the oil is distributed as droplets throughout the aqueous phase is called an oil-in-water

       
           
       
Fig no.1

5. Classification of Cream: -

1.According to the nature or type of emulsion

2. According to characteristics properties, e.g.  cold creams, vanishing creams

3.According  to  function,  e.g.  cleansing,  foundation, massage, etc.

5. Types of creams based on nature of emulsion, characteristics property and its function

1. Make-up cream (o/w emulsion): a) Vanishing creams. b) Foundation creams.
2.  Cleansing cream, Cleansingmilk,  Cleansing lotion  (w/o emulsion)
3.  Winter  cream  (w/o  emulsion):  a)  Cold  cream  or moisturizing creams. 
4. All-purpose cream and general creams.
5.  Night cream and massage creams.
6. Skin protective cream. 
7.  Hand and body creams

The main objective is to develop a herbal cream that serves as a moisturizer, reduces acne and skin irritation, reduces the appearance of skin conditions like psoriasis, eczema, dry skin, wrinkles, rashes, etc., and also makes the face look more radiant. Three natural ingredients—aloe vera gel, turmeric, cucumber —were used in our preparation. Aloe Vera gel is applied as a moisturizer, used to heal burn wounds, and used to lessen acne and pimples . Turmeric is applied topically to alleviate pigmentation, scarring, and inflammation [1, 4]. Cucumber  is applied topically to enhance skin radiance and facilitate wound healing.

5. Method: -

Acquisition of botanical specimens: - Aloe Vera, Turmeric extract, cucumber extract

Extraction process: -

1. Aloe Vera Gel
2. Extraction of Turmeric
3. Extraction of cucumber
4. Tulsi leaves

1. Aloe vera: -

Synonym: Ghritkumari, Musabbar

Biological source: Aloes is obtained from dried juice of leaves of aloe species

 such as Aloe barbadensis, Aloe ferox, Aloe perryi

Family: Liliaceae

Chemical constituent: Principle active constituent of aloe is aloin (upto30%) and aloin is a mixture of isomer -  barbaloin, iso barbaloin

       
           
       
Fig no 2: Aloe vera

Aloe vera benefits for the face

•  Aloe vera is rich in moisturizing properties;
•  it helps to remove dead cells;
•  it can prevent or reduce wrinkles and dark spots on your face;
• it soothes irritated skin;
•  it reduces pain, swelling, and soreness of wounds or injuries;
•  it has a cooling effect on rashes or sunburns;
•  it supports the production and release of collagen
•  it helps to keep your face healthy and gives you a natural shine;
•  Combats acne and blemishes;
•  eliminates dead skin cells; treats sunburn;
•  relieves eczema and psoriasis; and removes puffiness and dark circle
•  impart a healthy glow to the skin
•  Reduces stretch marks and delays the onset of aging

2.Turmeric

Synonym: Saffron Indian; haldi (Hindi); Curcuma; Rhizoma cur-cumae.

Biological source: Turmeric is the dried rhizome of Curcuma longa Linn. (syn.C.domestica Valeton).,

Family: Zingiberaceae,

Chemical constituents: curcuminoids (5%) and essential oil (6%).

       
           
       
Fig no.3: Curcuma longa

Turmeric uses for skin: -

•  Powerful antioxidant
•  Natural anti-inflammatory compound
•  Improves skin health
•  Cures acne
•  Diminishes dark circles;
•  May help with psoriasis and eczema;
•  Skin is cleared and wound healing is aided.

3. Cucumber: -

Synonym: Cucumis sativus L

Biological Source: It is derived from the plant cucumis sativus

Family: Cucurbitaceae

       
           
       
Fig no.4: Cucumber

Uses:

Healthy connective tissue, which includes muscles, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, and bone, depends on silica, which is found in cucumbers. Cucumber juice is often suggested as a silica source to enhance skin tone and health; also, cucumbers naturally hydrate the skin, which is essential for glowing skin.

4.Tulsi leaves: -

Synonym: Ocimum tenuiflorum, commonly known as holy basil

Biological source: Tulsi consists of the fresh and dried leaves of Ocimum species like Ocimum sanctumL. and Ocimum basilicum L. etc.

Family: Lamiaceae.

Chemical constituents: - The Tulsi plant contains numerous active compounds and the major compounds are linalol, eugenol, methyl chavicol, methyl cinnamate, linolen, ocimene, pinene, cineol, anethol, estragole, thymol, citral, and camphor.

       
           
       
Fig no. 5: Tulsi (Osmium tenuiflorum)

Uses: -

• Tulsi helps in skin brightening.
• Tulsi helps in curing acne face marks.
• Tulsi can help in tightening skin pores.
• Tulsi helps in curing skin infections and any sort of skin allergies.
• fights acne; promotes healthy skin aging
• It eases eczema; works wonders for treating skin conditions
• It is a good source of vitamin K  is extremely useful for skin
•  It aids in anti-aging

5. General Ingredients: -

• Water-

In every cream procedure, this is the most significant and frequently utilized raw ingredient. These are the most accessible and affordable. Water is a solvent used in skin creams to dissolve other components. Creams are prepared with water, which is devoid of all pollutants, toxins, germs, and other contaminants. Water can also create emulsions; the amount of water used in the formulation determines whether the emulsion is called water-in-oil or oil-in-water, dependent on the amounts of water and oil phase employed in the formulation

• Liquid paraffin: -

Liquid Paraffin is an emollient (substance that softens or soothes the skin). It works by preventing water loss from the outer layer of skin. This relieves dryness and leaves the skin soft and hydrated.

Liquid Paraffin is used in the treatment of dry Skin. It relieves dry skin conditions such as eczema, ichthyosis and pruritus of the elderly.

• Beeswax: -

In skincare, its function ranges from its role as an occlusive, helping to create a semi-occlusive skin barrier that minimizes transepidermal water loss; as a humectant, locking in hydration; and an emollient to soften and soothe the skin.

• Borax: -

Creams made with only beeswax need to be thoroughly mixed and can separate when left to stand. As a result, little amounts of borax were applied after the beeswax. Beeswax's fatty acids were saponified by borax, which made the cream more stable.

• Methyl paraben: -

The most common use of methyl paraben is as an antimicrobial preservative in cosmetic products. Preservatives such as methyl paraben are used to prevent the growth of pathogens and stop undesirable chemical changes from occurring.

• Lavender oil: -

Lavender oil can benefit the skin in numerous ways. It has the ability to lessen acne, help even skin tone, and reduce wrinkles

Lavender oil can also be used to treat psoriasis. The lavender oil helps cleanse your skin and lessen redness and irritation.

5. List of ingredients: -

• Formulation table: -

Extract: -

       
           
       
Fig no.6: Cucumber Extract

       
           
       
Fig no.7: Tulsi Extract

       
           
       
Fig no.8: Turmeric Extract

Procedure: -

In a borosilicate glass beaker, heat liquid paraffin and beeswax to 75 °C and maintain the temperature (Phase of oil).

Borax and methylparaben should be dissolved in distilled water in a different beaker, and the mixture should be heated to 75 °C to produce a clear solution. (Phase of liquid).

Add this aqueous phase to the heated oily phase slowly .

Then add the following extract

Aloe vera gel

Cucumber extract

Turmeric extract

Tulsi extract

       
           
       
Fig no. 9: Preparation of base

Stir the formulation vigorously until it forms a smooth cream

Add few drops of lavender oil as a fragrance                           

5. Evaluation Of Cream: -

Physical Evaluation: -

Formulated herbal cream was evaluated by using following physical parameters

1.Colour: -

The color of cream was observed by visual examination i. e creamy

2. Odour: -

The Odour of cream  was found  to be characteristics

3.State: -

The cream  was  examined visually.  The  cream  was  semi solid  in  state  result is shows in table

4.Consistency: 

The  formulation  was  examined by  rubbing  cream  on  hand  manually.  The cream has a smooth consistency.

5 Washability: 

The formulation was  applied on  the skin  and  then  ease  extends  of  washing  with water  was  checked

6.Non irritancy test: -

Herbal cream formulation was  evaluated  for  the  non-irritancy  test. Preparation  showed  no  redness  and  irritancy. Observation of the state was done for 24 hrs

7.ph: -

The PH of  formulation  was found to be nearer to skin PH so it can be safely used on the skin.

8. Phase separation: -

The  prepared  cream  was transferred in a suitable wide mouth container. Set aside  for storage  the oil phase  and aqueous phase separation  were  visualized  after  24h.

9.After feel

Emollience slipperiness and amount of  residue  left  after  the  application  of  the  fixed amount  of  cream  was  found  to  be  good.

5. Result: -

In this test the cream was observed for

The present research was the formulation and evaluation of polyherbal cream

The evaluation parameters, which included the polyherbal cream's physical evaluation, PH, spreadability, washability, non-irritancy test, viscosity, and phase separation, were displayed in the table under the results.

       
           
       
Fig No. 10: Multi-Purpose Herbal Cream

CONCLUSION

By using Aloe Vera gel, Cucumber extract, Turmeric extract and Tulsi extract the cream showed a multipurpose effect and all these herbal ingredients showed significantly different activities. Based on results and discussion, the formulation was stable at room temperature and can be safely used on the skin.

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