Formulation and Evaluation Of Cardiotonic Herbal Tea

Terminalia arjuna, sometimes know as Arjuna, is a member of the Combretaceae family. For millenia, traditional physican in India have utilized the bark docation to treat anginal discomfort, hypertention, congestive heart falier, and dyslipidema. The role of arjuna in various Cardiovascullar illnesses has to be investigated further. This reviews provides a comphresive overview of expermintal and clinical investigation on arjuna in cardiovascular problems conducted over the previous decade. We obtain systematic review, meta-analysis, and clinical trails on arjuna from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane database. Research indicates that the crude substance has antiischemic, antioxidant, hypolipidemic, B-sitosterol, flavonoids, and glycosides. Triterpenoids and flavonides are throught to contributes to the plants antioxidents and cardiovascular benefits. The medication has demonstrated a potential impact in ischemic cardiomyopathy. So far, there have been no major negative effect associated with arjuna treatment. However, its long term safety is still unclear. Although it has been effective in treating angina prectories. Moderate hypertantion, and dyslipidemia, its function in primary and secondary coronary prevention remains unknown.

Arjuna a member of Combretaceae family, may have cardioprotective benefits. Ayurvedic writing such as Charka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Astang hridayam have described this therapy since the Vedic time. Vagabhatta pioneered the use of stem bark powder to treat cardiac disease.

The Medicinal plant Terminalia arjuna is well known for having a diverse phytochemical profile. Numerous bioactive compound, including minerals, glycosides, tannins, triterponoids, phenolics, anmd flavonoids, are present in TA. This study aims to discuss several experiomenmtal and clinical investigations that demonstrate that plant’s thereapeutic significance. The majority of research has shown that TA has a number of therapeutic benefits, including hepatoprotective, anticancer, antibacterial, antioxidant, gastric, molluscidal, anthelmintic, antidiabetic, antiviral, and antiinflamatory qualities. It has also been stated that this plant accelerates the process of bone minerilization and wound healing. This evaluation indicates that there is noevidence of any toxicity associated with this plant extract, but it does highlight the need for further, more throught research to be done in order to fully comprehend the molecules mechanism and long term effect.

Herbal Tea

Herbal tea is essentially an herbal mixture made from leaves, seeds, and or roots of various plamnts. As per population misconception, they are not derived from the usual tea plant, but rather from what are called as ‘tisanes’ They are several kinds to tisanes (Herbal tea) that have been used for there medical properties. Somer of them being consumed for its energizing prop[erties to help induce relaxation, to curb stomach or digestive problems and also strengthen the immune system. Some of the popular herbal tea are green tea, star anise tea, Ginger tea, Tulsi tea, Cinnamon tea, Turmeric tea, Lemon grass tea, Cardamom tea, Stevia tea etc. Some of these herbal teas posses extremely strong medicinal benefits such as, Green tea is a non fermented tea, and Contains more catechins, than black tea or oolong tea.

1. Terminalia arjuna

An important medicinal plant used in Ayuirveda is Terminalia arjuna. As a member of the Combretaceae family. It also refered top as Arjuna, Dhavala, Kaubha, Nadisaraja Partha, Indradru, and Veeravriksha there are around twenty four species of termanelia known to exists in different part of India. A few of these species are T. bellirica, T. catappa, T. bialata, T. mantaly, T. elliptica, T porphyrocarpa, and others. This massive, evergreen, deciduous tree may reach a height of 60 to 80 feet and is distributed across India. It is widespread over the majority of the Indian subcontinent, including the Himalaya face of Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Deccan, bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Punjab, and Konkan. It typically grows on the sides of streams and rivers. Other colloquial names for it include Arjuna (Hindi), Tella Maddi (Telgu), Arjhan (Bengali), Sadado (Gujarati), Sadaru (Marathi), Neer matti (Kdnnada), and some traditional formulations go by the names Arjunaghrita and Arjunarishta (Amalraj and Gopi, 2016). This tree has new leaves, drooping limbs, and expanding crowns from February to Apri, while it’s hot outside. Ripe seeds, pollaring, stumping, coppicing, and air layering are the method used to growTA. Tree grows 2-3 meters every three years, with a slower initial growth period of 63 seen until a quicker growth rate is reached.

Figure: Terminalia arjuna

2. Lemon Grass

Lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) is a tall, perennial grass native to southeast Asia. It is widely cultivated around the world for its distinct citrusy lemon scent and flavour. Lemongrass is a popular herb in Asian cuisine and is also used medicinally in some cultures

Figure: Lemon Grass

3.Tulsi

Tulsi (Ocimum tenuiflorum), also known as holy  basil, is an aromatic perennial herb native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It is a revered plant in Hinduism and is considered sacred. Tulsi is cultivated throughout Southeast Asia and other topical regions for its religious significance, medicinal properties, and culinary uses.                     

Figure: Tulsi

4. Cardamom

Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) is a herbaceous, perennial plant in the ginger family (Zingiberaceae) native to the southern Indian hills. It is the most common of the species whose seeds are used as a spice called cardamom, known for its strong, aromatic flavour and fragrance. Cardamom is cultivated widely tropical regions around the world.

Figure: Cardamom

5. Stevia

Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) is a small perennial herb native to Paraguay and Brazil in South America. It is widely Cultivated for its leaves, which are used as a natural sweetener. Stevia leaves contain steviol glycosides, which are compounds that are much sweeter than sugar but have no calories.

   Figure: Stevia

Formulation Table - 1

MATERIALS AND METHOD

Gather all of the raw medications and use a crusher to turn them into a dry powder. After that, the dry powder form is run through a fine powder sieve device. Weighing each drug in the beaker in an adequate amount. Pour enough water into another beaker and bring it to a gentle boil, about 100 C. After that, filtering the mixture, move it to the container.

Preparation Of Herbal Tea Bags :

1. First we can collect all the active ingredient which are used to prepare for the cardiotonic Herbal Tea. (Arjuna bark, Lemon grass, Tulsi, cardamom and stevia)

2. Break the arjuna bark into small pieces grind with grinder.              

3. All ingredient converting into powder.            

   

4. Weight all ingredient accurately. 

5. Mixed all ingredient put in a tea bag.  

6. Finally prepare the herbal tea bag.

7. Deep in tea bag into boil water. 

Evaluations Of Herbal Tea :

1. In vitro Evaluation of free Redical Scavenging activity (Antioxident)

The only efficient antioxident that can combat disease medicated by free radicals are those derived from natural sources, as opposed to synthetic antioxident. The goals of the current study was to assess the antioxident activity of herbal tea using a variety of in vitro models. It was noted that the test compounds scavenged free radicals.

Figure: Aqueous extract

Table: 2

2. Estimation of Total Flavonoids content :

Total Flavonoids content of Herbal tea was determined using the Aluminium chloride colorimetric method was used for flavonoids determination.

Figure: Flavonoid is Present

Standard curve of Rutin: 10 milligram of rutin was dissloved in 10 ml of methanol, and the concentrations were obtained by pipetting off 10, 25, 50, 100, and 150 µl/ml.

Procedure: 1.5 ml of methanol, 0.1 ml of 10% aluminum chloride, 0.1 ml of 1 M potassium acetate, and 2.8 ml of distilled water were separately combined with 0.5 ml of each sample. After the reaction mixture was let to remain at room temperature for thirty minutes, its absorbance at 415 nm was determined. Using the calibaration curved was created.

3. Estimation of Total Phenol content :

The aromatic chemicals with hydroxyl groups that are found in a wide of plants are called phenols. They are present throught the entire plant. It is claimed that phenol provide plant resilience to pests and disease. A high polyphone content makes grains resistant to bird attack. A variety of substances, such as flavonoids and tannins, are considered phenols. Via the Slinkard method, the total soluble phenolics in the extract can be calculated using the Folin-Ciocalteau reagent.

Principle : In an alkaline medium, phenols react with phosphomolybdic acid in the Folin-Ciocalteau reagent to form a blue colour complex (molybdenum blue)

Reagents : Folin-Ciocalteau reagent (20%), 80% ethanol, Na2CO3 (20%), and standard (100 mg Gallic acid in 100 milliliters of distilled water).

Table : 3

4. Estimation of the Total Tanin content : Total tannin content of Herbal tea was determined using the ferric chloride was use the tannin determination.

Figure : Tanin is present

5. Physical Parameter : The prepared herbal tea were inspected visually for there colour, weight, odor appearance.

Figure : Herbal Tea colour

• Colour : Reddish Brown
• Weight : 4g
• Odor : Pleasant
• Taste : Bitter/ Sweet

6. PH Test : Deep the PH rod in the solution.

Figure : Digital PH meter

• PH was determined on digital PH meter was 6.11

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

• From the above information herbal tea was prepared and evaluation were performed.
• The various evaluation parameters results are given below.

Table : 4