Phytochemistry And Materials Method of Cathanthus Roseus

Catharanthus roseus is the native to the India ocean island of Madagascar. The Catharanthus roseus (L) G, Don (formerly Vinca rosea L., Apocynaceae) is the commonly called a Madagascar periwinkle. It is becoming more main stream as improvement in analysis and quality control with advance in clinical research shows the value of herbal medicine the treating and preventing disease. The Catharanthus roseus is an evergreen sub herbs plant growing to 1m tall. The leaves are oval to oblong 2.5 cm long and 1-3.5 cm broad glossy green hairless with a pale midrib and a short petiole about 1- 1.8cm long. Catharanthus roseus in an important medicinal plant of apocynaceae family which contains more than 70 different types of alkaloids and Chemotherapeutic agent that are the effective in treating various types of cancers breaste cancer lung cancer, melanoms, Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. They are specially used for hypertension, diabetics, blood most cancers, Hodgkin's lymphoma, malaria, non-small lungs most cancers enhance memory. It additionally has antimicrobial interest antioxidant interest, Hypolipidimic interest and additionally wound restoration interest.

Fig.1 Cathanthus Roseus

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Collection of plant material:

The flowers of c. auriculta leaves of D. reiga and V. rosea were collected from Brahmapurum vellore and were brough to the molecular and microbiology research laboratory, VIT university.

Chemical used -

2, 2 - Diphenyl - 1 - Picrylhydrazyl (DPPM) was purchased from sigma - Aldrich chemicals Co. Sodium phosphate (NaH4PO4), sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) was purchased from Himedia Labotories. Methanol, ferric chloride(fecl3), potassium ferricyanide (k3fe (CN)6). Trichloroacetic acid, folin - Ciocalteus reagent. All other chemicals used were of analytical grade.

Processing of the plant:

The flowers of c. Auriculta and leaves of V. Rosea and D. Regia were shade dried the solvent extract was kept in Rotaevaporator to evaporate the solvent completely and the resultant extract yield was measured. These extract was keep in air tight container, stored in refrigerator at 4°c for the experience mental use.

Phytochemical screening

Test for carbohydrates, fats, oils, phenol, flavonoids, protein, and tannins was discovered by using standard protocol of trease and Enavas 1989.

Extraction procedure for cathanthus roseus

About 60 grams of plant material was weight accurately and and the process of extraction was carried out using soxhlet apparatus which are used to get pure form of extract. Three solvent has been used in order of their increasing polarity. (Acetone, DMSO and water.

Extraction A Extraction B

Extraction

Medicinal important of of vinca rosea. Anti-cancer Activity

Antioxidant Activity

Some ethanol compounds are found in the plant body, mainly located in the roots. There are responsible for the antioxidant activity. Mostly rose and white flowers plant possess ethanol compound.

Antidiabetic activity

The ethanol compounds are also responsible for antidiabetic activity. This also help to reduce byblood sugar level in human body. In addition of this it also made impact of hypoglycemia effect.

Qualitative analysis Flavonoids & Tannins

The extracts and crude dried powers of nyctanthes arbortristis, nerium oleander and cathanthus roseus were subjected to qualitative analysis for presence of chemical constituents of nyctanthes arbortristis, nerium oleander and cathanthus roseus by performing various chemical test

Alkaloids

Wagner's reagents (Iodine - potassium iodide solution) iodine:

(1.2 g) and of potassium iodide (2.0 g) were dissolved in 5 ml of H2SO4 and the solution was diluted to 100 ml, 10ml of plant extract was acidified by adding 1.5 % v/v HCl and a few drops of Wagner's reagent the formation of a Wagner's reagents. The formation of a yellowish-brown precipitate confirmed the presence of alkaloids.

Terpenoids

To take a 1 ml of crude extract add 1 ml of conc. H2SO4 and then heated the solution for the 2 minutes. grayish colour are formed terpenoids are present.

Steroids

1 ml of extract are mix with the 1 ml chloroform and add concentrated H2SO4 sidewise and red colour indicated at the lower chloroform layer are formed into presence of steroids.

Hypotensive Activity -

The extract an obtain from the leaves (hydro alcoholic or dichloromethane - methanol) caused significant changes in hypotensive properly

Scientific position of vinca rosea (cathanthus roseus)

Kingdom    :   Plantae

Division      :   Magnoliophyta

Class           :   Magnoliopsida

Order         :   Gentianales

Family        :   Apocynaceae

Genus         :   Catharanthus

Species        :   C. roseus

Binomial name: cathanthus roseus (L.) G. Don

Synonyms   :   Vinca rosea

Fig.2 Prevalent Botanical Characteristics