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Abstract

Cosmetics have been popular since ancient times, helping people enhance their appearance and feel confident. Recently, there has been a growing preference for natural products because synthetic ingredients can cause problem like skin irritation and other side effects. Herbal cosmetics, made with plant-based ingredients, are seen as safer and healthier options. Among all cosmetic lip balms are especially important because they not only makes lip look good but also protect them from dryness, temperature changes, and other environmental factors. Lip balms are simple and can be used by anyone, regardless of gender. Our natural lip balm is made with the combination of natural ingredients like coffee oil, aloe vera, coconut oil, vitamin E oil, shea butter, Beeswax. The main idea behind this product is to provide long lasting moisture while also offering the benefit of herbal ingredients to keep lips soft and healthy. This herbal lip balm is perfect for people looking for a safe, eco friendly product that combines beauty and care, making it a great choice.

Keywords

plant-based ingredients, synthetic ingredients, colorants.

Introduction

Coffee beans can be an excellent ingredient in a homemade herbal lip balm. Ground coffee beans or coffee-infused oil are popular choices because of their natural antioxidants, mild exfoliating properties, and energizing scent. Coffee beans, rich in antioxidants and beneficial nutrients, are increasingly recognized as a valuable ingredient in herbal lip balm formulations. The antioxidants found in coffee, including caffeine and polyphenols, are known to protect skin from environmental damage by combating free radicals, making coffee-infused lip balms especially beneficial for maintaining healthy lips. Additionally, ground coffee beans offer mild exfoliating properties, gently removing dead skin cells and leaving lips smoother and softer. The caffeine in coffee also stimulates blood flow, potentially giving lips a naturally fuller appearance and enhancing overall lip health. Coffee-infused oil, often used in lip balm recipes, blends well with other moisturizing ingredients such as beeswax and coconut oil, creating a product that helps retain moisture, soothes dry, chapped lips, and prevents further dehydration.

       
            Coffee Beans.png
       

Fig. 1 (Coffee Beans)

The skin is the body’s largest organ it covers the entire body. It serves as a protective shield organsheat, light, injury and infection, the skin also regulates

  1. Regulate body temperature
    • When the body gets too warm, sweat glands in the skin produce sweat, which cools the body the body as it evaporates.
  2. Store Water and Fat

• Helps maintain hydration levels in the body and supports cellular functions.

    • Provides energy reserves, insulation to maintain body heat.

3) prevent water loss

    • The skin's outer layer, the epidermis, contains a lipid barrier that prevents excessive water from evaporating, this barrier ensures the body retains the moisture it needs for proper cellular activity and prevents dehydration, especially in dry environments.

4) prevent entry of bacteria

• The skin acts like a strong, protective wall with built-in defences to keep harmful germs out. Skin type is primarily determined by genetics, but it can also change over time due to various factors. The five main types of healthy skin are normal, dry, oily, combination, and sensitive Cosmetics play a significant role in modern lifestyles, and there is an increasing trend toward natural and eco-friendly products in the industry. Many consumers now prefer herbal cosmetics as they align with the demand for organic, sustainable, and health-conscious options. Herbal products have been used for thousands of years in traditional medicine, valued for their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and other therapeutic properties. Cosmetics made from herbal extracts, especially for skin and hair, are popular for their reliability and perceived safety compared to synthetic products, which may have adverse effects. One example is lip balm, which creates a protective layer on the lips to seal in moisture and shield from environmental exposure. The unique structure of lip skin—thinner and with fewer protective features like melanin, sweat glands, and oils—makes it more prone to dryness, requiring special care to maintain hydration and health. Herbal products, used for thousands of years  in folk medicine, are known for their pharma logical properties, such as antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, and cytostatic effects, making them beneficial for both skincare and overall wellness. Herbal extracts are cultivated worldwide and are highly valued in the horticulture sector. Cosmetics formulated with herbal ingredients, like those for skin and hair skin, are celebrated for their safety and efficacy. These products include formulations such as lip balms, creams, and shampoos, all crafted to utilize nature's benefits.

2. Anatomy Of Lip

       
            fig-2.png
       

Fig. 2

 The 5 major zones are vermilion/white roll, sub vermilion, peristomal, philtra column, and commissural. The lips are a highly specialized part of the face with unique anatomy and important functions. Structurally, the lips are divided into distinct zones, each serving specific purposes. The vermilion is the red part of the lips, covered by a thin layer of specialized squamous. Its red colour comes from the high number of blood vessels close to the surface. Surrounding the vermilion is the cinnabar border, a lighter skin boundary that separates the lips from the rest of the facial skin. The Cupid's bow, the "M-shaped" outline on the upper lip, adds to the aesthetic appeal of the lips, which are crucial for facial expressions.  Internally, the lips consist of the subvermilion, a dry area beneath the vermilion, and the peristomal zone, where the dry lips meet the wet mucosa of the inner lip. This inner mucosa is soft and moist, folding onto the gums to create distinct upper and lower midline creases. In newborns, the mucosa contains sebaceous glands and papillae, which are adaptations for feeding. The corners of the mouth, or commissures, are where the upper and lower lips meet. These are attachment points for several facial muscles, including the orbicularis oris, which surrounds the mouth and enables a wide range of movements, such as speaking, eating, and smiling.  The lips are highly sensitive due to their rich supply of nerve endings and vascular papillae, especially along their edges. This sensitivity plays a crucial role in tactile perception and fine movements, making the lips essential for tasks like sucking in infants and precise articulation in speech. Additionally, the shape and size of the lips vary widely among individuals, influenced by age, genetics, and ethnicity, contributing to their unique role in facial identity and beauty. Functionally, the lips are indispensable for daily life. They are involved in suction, aiding in drinking and eating, and in speech, as they help form words and sounds. They also play a significant role in non-verbal communication, expressing emotions like happiness, anger, and sadness. The lips' dynamic nature, supported by skin, muscles, and mucosa, allows them to adapt to diverse functions while maintaining their protective barrier against external elements. This combination of structure and function makes the lips a vital feature of human anatomy.

3. Lip Balm

Lip balms are moisturizers for lips that help to prevent dryness and protect against harsh weather. They are similar to lipstick in some ways, as both are stick-line and need to be smooth, stable in different temperatures, and easy to apply and remove. However, unlike lip gloss, which is mainly for shine, lip balm focuses on hydration and protection. It can be used by anyone, regardless of gender. 

The main ingredients in the lip balm are coconut oil. Beeswax, aloe vera, coffee beans(powder) shea butter. These ingredients make the balm solid and smooth, while also keeping the lips soft.  

4 Applications of Lip Balm

  1. Moisturizes Lips: Keeps lips soft and hydrated, preventing dryness and cracking.
  2. Protects Against Weather: Shields lips from harsh weather conditions like cold, wind, and heat.
  3. Natural Healing: Helps repair damaged or chapped lips with natural ingredients.
  4. Safe for Everyone: Suitable for all genders and ages due to its gentle and chemicalfree formula. Long-Lasting Effect: Provides lasting moisture and protection throughout the day.
  5. Daily Use: Can be used regularly without causing harm, making it ideal for routine lip care.

5. Advantages Of Lip Balm

  1. Lip balms helps to protect the natural health and beauty of the lips.
  2. Sun block lip balms are proved to prevent ultraviolet rays from hurting the lips.
  3. they are not gender specific products and both men and women can use them.
  4. Lip balm products help to protect lips affected by cold sores, chapping and dryness.
  5. contact of the product with the skin will not cause a sensation of friction or dryness, and should allow the forming of a homogeneous layer over the lips in the order to protect the labial mucous susceptible to environment factors such as UV radiations, dryness and pollution.
  6. It refreshed, renewed and also addresses lip-related symptoms resulting from colds, flu and allergies.

6. Disadvantages Of Lip Balm

  1. Lip balms made of low-quality ingredients can harm the lips seriously. Such lips balms may dry out the lips    instead moisturizing it. 
  2. lip balm addiction is another disadvantages usually seen with the use of them.
  3. comparet to the commercially -prepared lip balms tend to stay on the lips or a shorter duration of time. Thus, need to reapply often
  4. some companies manufacture lip balms considering only the beauty aspect, ignoring the health benefits and soft character of the skin. Such products will gradually damage the natural colour, softness and the glow of the skin.
  5. The naturally derived colours and flavours are more difficult to obtain and also have issue related to stability in the product.
  6. Natural oils have other disadvantages such as greasier, comedogenic.
  7. MATERIALS AND METHODS

S No.

Items

Quantity Given

Quantity taken

1.

Coffee Beans

30g

10g

2.

Coconut Oil

50 ml

30 ml

3.

Beeswax

45g

15g

4.

Shea Butter

50g

15g

5.

Vitamin E Oil

30 ml

3 ml

6.

Aloe vera

50g

5g

7.

Coffee Oil

30 ml

15 ml


    1. Coffee Beans

       
            Fig. 3.png
       

Fig. 3

Coffee beans are a great ingredient in herbal lip balm because they’re full of antioxidants, natural oils, and nutrients that keep lips soft and healthy. The antioxidants in coffee help protect lips from things like sun damage and pollution, which can make them dry and chapped. The natural oils in coffee beans are also excellent for locking in moisture, so lips stay smooth and hydrated. Finely ground coffee can gently exfoliate, removing dry skin and making lips feel smoother. Plus, the smell of coffee is uplifting, and it can add a soft, natural colour to the lips. To make coffee-infused lip balm, crushed coffee beans are soaked in an oil like coconut or almond oil. This coffee-infused oil is then mixed with other natural ingredients like cocoa butter or beeswax, which add more moisture and protection to the balm.

7.2. Coconut Oil

       
            Fig. 4.png
       

Fig. 4

Coconut oil is a popular ingredient in herbal lip balm because it’s highly moisturizing, natural, and packed with nutrients that keep lips soft and healthy. It contains fatty acids like lauric acid, which deeply hydrate and nourish the lips, helping to prevent dryness and cracking. Coconut oil is also naturally antibacterial, which helps protect lips from potential infections, especially on chapped or damaged skin. Additionally, coconut oil’s smooth, lightweight texture allows it to be easily absorbed, leaving lips soft without feeling heavy or greasy. Its mild, pleasant scent is a nice bonus in lip balms, adding a subtle tropical aroma. When combined with other natural ingredients like beeswax or shea butter, coconut oil creates a smooth, protective layer on the lips, sealing in moisture and keeping them hydrated throughout the day.

    1. Beeswax

       
            Fig. 5.png
       

Fig. 5

Beeswax is a key ingredient in herbal lip balms due to its protective and moisturizing properties. As a natural wax made by honeybees, beeswax forms a light, protective barrier on the lips that helps lock in moisture, keeping them hydrated for longer. This barrier also shields lips from harsh environmental factors like wind and cold, which can cause dryness and chapping. Beeswax has a slightly sticky, pliable texture that allows it to blend well with oils and butters, creating a smooth, solid balm that’s easy to apply. Rich in vitamin A, beeswax also promotes skin healing, making it especially helpful for dry or cracked lips. Its subtle, honeylike scent adds a gentle fragrance, and it’s naturally hypoallergenic, making it suitable for sensitive skin. Combined with moisturizing ingredients like coconut oil or shea butter, beeswax creates a long-lasting, nourishing lip balm that keeps lips soft and healthy.

    1. Aloe Vera

       
            Fig 6.png
       

Fig 6

Aloe vera is a highly beneficial ingredient in herbal lip balms due to its ability to nourish, heal, and protect the lips. It is well-known for its excellent moisturizing properties, which help lock in hydration and prevent dryness, leaving the lips soft and smooth. Aloe vera also has soothing and calming effects, making it an effective remedy for irritated, cracked, or sensitive lips by reducing redness and discomfort. Additionally, it promotes the healing of damaged skin with its rich blend of vitamins, minerals, and enzymes, helping to restore the natural smoothness of the lips. Beyond hydration and healing, Aloe vera forms a protective barrier on the lips, shielding them from harsh environmental factors such as wind, cold, and sunlight. These combined properties make Aloe vera an essential ingredient in natural lip care products, ensuring lips stay healthy, soft, and well-protected.

 7.5. Vitamin E Oil

       
            Fig. 7.png
       

Fig. 7

Vitamin E oil is a highly beneficial ingredient in herbal lip balms because of its powerful antioxidant and healing properties. As an antioxidant, it helps protect the lips from environmental damage, such as sun exposure and pollution, which can cause dryness and premature aging. Vitamin E oil is also incredibly nourishing and hydrating, helping to soften and smooth the lips. It supports skin repair by promoting cell regeneration, making it especially useful for healing chapped or cracked lips. Additionally, Vitamin E acts as a natural preservative in lip balms, extending the shelf life of other oils and ingredients. When blended with other moisturizing ingredients like coconut oil, shea butter, and beeswax, vitamin E oil enhances the balm's ability to soothe, protect, and keep lips soft and healthy.

7.6. Coffee Oil

        
            Fig. 8.jpg
       

  Fig. 8

Coffee oil is a valuable ingredient in herbal lip balms due to its antioxidant-rich, moisturizing, and revitalizing properties. Extracted from roasted coffee beans, this oil contains antioxidants like chlorogenic acid, which help protect the lips from environmental damage such as UV exposure and pollution. These antioxidants combat free radicals, reducing signs of aging and keeping lips soft and healthy. Coffee oil is also naturally emollient, meaning it deeply moisturizes and hydrates the lips, preventing dryness and chapping. Additionally, coffee oil’s energizing aroma gives a refreshing scent to the lip balm, while its mild caffeine content can improve blood circulation, giving lips a naturally fuller and vibrant look. When combined with other natural ingredients like beeswax, shea butter, and coconut oil, coffee oil helps create a nourishing and protective lip balm that keeps lips soft, hydrated, and refreshed.

 8. METHODS

8.1. Infuse the Oil:

  • Take your base oil, such as coconut oil, and gently heat it on low heat.
  • Add coffee grounds to the oil and let it simmer for about 10–15 minutes. This allows the coffee essence to infuse into the oil.
  • Strain the mixture using a fine mesh strainer or cheesecloth to remove any coffee solids.

Set aside the infused oil for the next step.

8.2. Melt the Ingredients:

  • In a double boiler or a heatproof bowl over simmering water, add the solid ingredients:
  • Beeswax (grated or in pellets) o   Shea butter Gently heat the mixture until it is fully melted, stirring occasionally to combine.
  • Once melted, mix in the coffee-infused oil and stir well.

8.3. Incorporate Additives:

  • Remove the melted mixture from heat.
  • Quickly stir in the additional ingredients:
  • Aloe vera gel for moisturizing and soothing. Vitamin E oil for its antioxidant and nourishing properties.
  • Coffee oil (or other essential oils) for added aroma and benefits.
  • Mix thoroughly to ensure all ingredients are well blended.

8.4. Pour and Set:

  • Carefully pour the warm liquid balm into clean lip balm containers, tins, or small jars.
  • Let the mixture cool at room temperature for 1–2 hours until it solidifies completely.

8.5. Store and Use:

  • Once the balm is fully set, seal the containers with their lids.
  • Store in a cool, dry place to maintain its quality and consistency.
  • Use the lip balm as needed to keep your lips moisturized, soft, and nourished.

9. CONCLUSION 

The demands of beauty enhancing products cosmetic industry is flourishing. This work has reviewed the current status of natural lip balm including natural ingredients, formulation methods, evaluation and applications. Hence it can be concluded that the extensive literature study has been performed on the natural lip balm products and shown wide scope for such products in future.

REFERENCES

  1. Articles on the antioxidant properties of coffee, such as studies published in the Journal of Cosmetic Science or Food and Chemical Toxicology.
  2. Cosmetic ingredients database: Paula's Choice Ingredient Dictionary and EWG's Skin Deep database provide detailed information about the properties of coffee, caffeine, and related components in skincare.
  3. Skincare and Coffee Research: Studies on caffeine's effect on skin and blood circulation, such as those published in The Journal of Dermatological Science.
  4. Online Source: Websites like Healthline and WebMD often discuss coffee's benefits for the skin, including its antioxidant and exfoliating properties.
  5. Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects (2nd Edition), edited by Iqbal Ahmad and Mohammad M. Rahman – This book covers the pharmacological benefits of herbal ingredients used in cosmetics
  6. Natural Cosmetic Formulation by Stephen A. S. The complete guide to natural skincare products, their properties, and safety.
  7. Herbal Skincare: How to Make Your Own Natural Beauty Products by Stephanie Tourles This book explores the use of herbal extracts for skin care, focusing on their healing, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties.
  8. Herbal Medicines for Skin and Hair Care by Reiko T. – This book provides an overview of the role of herbal medicines in maintaining healthy skin and hair
  9. Cosmetic Formulation: Lip Care Products” in Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology - This chapter focuses on the formulation and types of lip care products, including lip balms, discussing their role in lip protection, stability, and market trends.
  10. Scientific American and The New York Times have articles discussing the psychological concept of "lip balm addiction,"
  11. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology frequently publishes studies on how low-quality ingredients in cosmetics, including lip balms, can harm skin, leading to dryness and other issues.
  12. Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products" by Zoe Diana Draelos - This book provides detailed steps and methods for creating various cosmetic products, including lip balms, using natural and herbal ingredients.
  13. DIY Beauty: Homemade Recipes for Skin, Hair, and Lip Care" by Caroline Weisz - This book contains recipes for various cosmetic products, including lip balms, and outlines similar processes for making herbal lip balms using oils, beeswax, and essential oils.
  14. Articles on herbal cosmetics from journals like Journal of Cosmetic Science or International Journal of Herbal Medicine
  15. Herbal Cosmetics Handbook by H. Panda.
  16. Channels focusing on homemade beauty products, such as Lia Griffith or Simple Living.
  17. The Complete Book of Essential Oils and Aromatherapy by Valerie Ann Worwood.
  18. Natural Beauty Recipe Book by Stephanie Rose.
  19. Healthline or Very well Health for detailed ingredient benefits.
  20. Articles on ResearchGate or NCBI about the benefits of natural oils and antioxidants in skincare.

Reference

  1. Articles on the antioxidant properties of coffee, such as studies published in the Journal of Cosmetic Science or Food and Chemical Toxicology.
  2. Cosmetic ingredients database: Paula's Choice Ingredient Dictionary and EWG's Skin Deep database provide detailed information about the properties of coffee, caffeine, and related components in skincare.
  3. Skincare and Coffee Research: Studies on caffeine's effect on skin and blood circulation, such as those published in The Journal of Dermatological Science.
  4. Online Source: Websites like Healthline and WebMD often discuss coffee's benefits for the skin, including its antioxidant and exfoliating properties.
  5. Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects (2nd Edition), edited by Iqbal Ahmad and Mohammad M. Rahman – This book covers the pharmacological benefits of herbal ingredients used in cosmetics
  6. Natural Cosmetic Formulation by Stephen A. S. The complete guide to natural skincare products, their properties, and safety.
  7. Herbal Skincare: How to Make Your Own Natural Beauty Products by Stephanie Tourles This book explores the use of herbal extracts for skin care, focusing on their healing, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties.
  8. Herbal Medicines for Skin and Hair Care by Reiko T. – This book provides an overview of the role of herbal medicines in maintaining healthy skin and hair
  9. Cosmetic Formulation: Lip Care Products” in Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology - This chapter focuses on the formulation and types of lip care products, including lip balms, discussing their role in lip protection, stability, and market trends.
  10. Scientific American and The New York Times have articles discussing the psychological concept of "lip balm addiction,"
  11. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology frequently publishes studies on how low-quality ingredients in cosmetics, including lip balms, can harm skin, leading to dryness and other issues.
  12. Cosmetic Formulation of Skin Care Products" by Zoe Diana Draelos - This book provides detailed steps and methods for creating various cosmetic products, including lip balms, using natural and herbal ingredients.
  13. DIY Beauty: Homemade Recipes for Skin, Hair, and Lip Care" by Caroline Weisz - This book contains recipes for various cosmetic products, including lip balms, and outlines similar processes for making herbal lip balms using oils, beeswax, and essential oils.
  14. Articles on herbal cosmetics from journals like Journal of Cosmetic Science or International Journal of Herbal Medicine
  15. Herbal Cosmetics Handbook by H. Panda.
  16. Channels focusing on homemade beauty products, such as Lia Griffith or Simple Living.
  17. The Complete Book of Essential Oils and Aromatherapy by Valerie Ann Worwood.
  18. Natural Beauty Recipe Book by Stephanie Rose.
  19. Healthline or Very well Health for detailed ingredient benefits.
  20. Articles on ResearchGate or NCBI about the benefits of natural oils and antioxidants in skincare.

Photo
Chandraprabha Dewangan
Corresponding author

Rungta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kokha, Kurud, Bhilai,490024, Chhattisgarh, India

Photo
Raushani kumari
Co-author

Rungta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kokha, Kurud, Bhilai,490024, Chhattisgarh, India

Photo
Munmun Bhattacharya
Co-author

Rungta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kokha, Kurud, Bhilai,490024, Chhattisgarh, India

Photo
Kuber Sinha
Co-author

Rungta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kohka, Kurud Bhilai, 490024, Chhattisgarh, India

Photo
Dr. Rajesh Kumar Nema
Co-author

Rungta Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kohka, Kurud Bhilai, 490024, Chhattisgarh, India

Raushani kumari, Munmun Bhattacharya, Kuber Sinha, Dr. Rajesh Kumar Nema, Chandraprabha Dewangan*, Formulation and Evaluation of coffee beans Herbal Lipbalm, Int. J. of Pharm. Sci., 2025, Vol 3, Issue 2, 173-181. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14795764

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