Nanoparticles (NPs) and polymeric nanostructured materials (PNPs) signify a vital role in terms of research field and techno-economic sector with its various application in   diseases management. NPs   and   PNPs   have   gained prominence   in   technological advancements   due   to   their enhanced physicochemical properties.[1] Nanoparticles are an emerging method for treating cancer.  The major problem associated with treating cancer includes drug low specificity, rapid   drug   clearance   and   biodegradation, and   limited targeting.  The properties of nanocarriers, including their nanoscale sizes, high surface-to-volume ratios, favourable drug release profiles, and targeting modifications, can allow them to better reach target tumour tissue and release drugs in a stable, controlled manner.[2] The   major   problem associated with phytosterols is incapability to pass the lipid membranes of the cells because either their molecular size is to a large extent or the water solubility is poor, and hence suffers   from   low   assimilation   and   poor   bioavailability.[3] Herbal   drugs   with   nanotechnology   and nanostructured polymeric systems have proven to strengthen   the   action of   herbal   extracts   decreasing   the necessary dosage and side effects, and improving bioactivity.[4]

The genus Glochidion commonly called as cheese Trees or button wood trees consisting of 300 Species. Several triterpenoids, triterpenoid Glycosides and alkaloids are known to be Constituents of the plants belonging to the genus Glochidion. According to biological studies on Phyllanthus species, several of the genus’s Members have properties that prevent the growth Of tumors and have action of the antiviral Hepatitis B virus, anti-angiogenic, lipid-lowering, Anti-diabetic, antiherpetic, anti-HIV, and anti-plasmodial properties. [5]

MATERIAL METHODS:

Materials:

Chloroform, Methanol, HPMC K4, DMSO, acetone, were purchased from Shivaji Science Suppliers, Pune.

Collection of Plant Material:-

Fresh leaves of G. Zeylanicum (Gaertn) A. Juss were collected month of October from Ahmednagar, Maharashtra. The plant was identified with the help of available literature and authenticated by Dr. G. G. Potdar (Assistance Professor) Department of Botany, Yashwantrao Chavan College of Science, Karad.

Soxhlet Extraction or Hot Continuous Extraction: -

In this method, finely ground sample was placed in thimble chamber of the Soxhlet apparatus. Extraction solvents was heated in the bottom flask, vaporizes into the sample thimble, condenses in the condenser and drip back. When the liquid content reaches the siphon arm, the liquid contents emptied into the bottom flask again and the process is continued. About 100?g of dried sample powder was weighed and extraction process is carried out by using 250?ml of Ethanol in Soxhlet apparatus for 48?h. The extract was concentrated by evaporation at 70?°C for 8?h and then dried. The concentrated extract was made in Powder form and stored at room temperature.[6]

Synthesis of Polyherbal Nanoparticles: -

Nanoparticles were prepared according to the Nan-precipitation method. 200mg of polymer such as HPMC K4 dissolved   in   25ml   of   acetone   separately.   Then   100mg Extract dissolved in 2ml of Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) separately. After both solutions was mixed together and add 50ml of water and stirred the solution for 30min.  Then this solution    was    added    to    rotary    flash    evaporator    for evaporation   of   Acetone   under   reduced pressure.   Finally, volume of suspension was adjusted to 10ml.  Then this final 10ml volume of suspension was centrifuge at 15000 rpm at 4°Cfor 30 min.  After centrifugation the supernatant was discard and precipitate was wash with water for 3 times. Then finally nanoparticle was dried in hot air oven at 60°Cfor 1 to 2 hr.[7,8]

       
           
       
Table 1: Composition of Leaves extract Polyherbal NPs

UV Spectroscopy: -

UV-Vis spectrophotometer analysis, the extract were prepared containing 10mg of leaves extract in 100mL of volumetric flask, the volume adjusted up to 100mL with the ethanol, respectively to get final concentration of 100µg ml-1 for GZ leaves extract. Suitable aliquots of 100 µg ml 1 solutions were diluted up to the mark with ethanol to get the concentration range 1,2,3,4 and 5 µg ml-1 for GZ leaves extract the absorbance was recorded for leaves extract respectively by using UV-visible spectroscopy (PC Based Double Beam Spectrophotometer 2202). [9]

Solubility: -

About 5-50 mg of extract, Liquid dispersion was weighed and dissolved in each 1 mL of different solvent respectively. All the samples were sonicated at 45° C, frequency of 60 kHz for a while to ensure complete dissolution. Then, the samples were filtered into whatman filter paper.[10]

RESULTS: -

The qualitative UV-VIS spectrum profile of G. Zeylanicum (Gaertn) A. Juss. methanolic extract was selected at wavelength from 300 to 800 nm due to sharpness of the peaks and proper baseline. The profile showed the peaks at 212.8 nm with the absorption of 0.809 respectively. The calibration curve for Glochidion Zeylanicum A.Juss extract in methanol was plotted by using following results of absorbance at various concentrations was analysed at 202.4 nm for the leaf extract. The calibration curve was followed the Beer’s-lambert law from three different of surfactants.

       
           
       
Figure 1. and Table 2.  shows the solubility test of leaves extract from different type of Solvent

DISCUSSION: -