Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Trikaripur, Kasaragod, Kerala, India
This study focuses on the formulation and evaluation of a herbal hair dye shampoo using extracts from Indigofera tinctoria and Lawsonia inermis. These plants were chosen for their natural dyeing properties, providing an alternative to synthetic dyes that often contain harmful chemicals like ammonia and peroxide. The leaves were extracted using the maceration method, and the shampoo was formulated by combining plant extracts with stabilizers and surfactants. Various physicochemical parameters such as total ash, extractive values, and pH were evaluated. The shampoo demonstrated effective in vitro staining, turning white hair strands black, and exhibited good stability, homogeneity, and washability. These findings suggest that herbal hair dyes are a safer, cost-effective, and eco-friendly alternative to synthetic dyes.
Herbal hair dyes have gained popularity due to their minimal side effects compared to synthetic dyes. These dyes are derived from plants such as Indigofera tinctoria (Indigo) and Lawsonia inermis (Henna), which have been traditionally used for their coloring properties. Synthetic dyes often contain harsh chemicals like ammonia and peroxide, which can damage the hair and scalp. This study aims to formulate a herbal hair dye shampoo and evaluate its efficacy and safety.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Plant Collection and Authentication
Fresh leaves of Indigofera tinctoria and Lawsonia inermis were collected from the Kannur and Kasaragod districts of Kerala in March 2024. The plants were authenticated by Dr. Subramanya Prasad K., Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, Nehru Arts and Science College, Kanhangad, Kerala.
Preparation of Plant Extracts
The leaves were shade-dried for 10-15 days and ground into a coarse powder. The powder was extracted using water as a solvent through the maceration method. The extract was filtered and concentrated, yielding 6.01% and 5.98% extract for Lawsonia inermis and Indigofera tinctoria, respectively.
Formulation of Herbal Hair Dye Shampoo The herbal shampoo was formulated using the following ingredients:
SL NO |
INGREDIENTS |
QUANTITY |
1 |
Indigofera tinctoria extract |
2.5g |
2 |
Lawsonia inermis extract |
2.5g |
3 |
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate |
10g |
4 |
Sodium citrate |
1g |
5 |
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) |
3g |
6 |
Glycerin |
5g |
7 |
Methyl paraben |
0.18g |
8 |
Propyl paraben |
0.02g |
9 |
Perfume |
q.s. |
10 |
Purified water |
q.s. |
Evaluation of Shampoo The formulated shampoo was evaluated based on the following parameters:
In Vitro Staining Study
The ability of the shampoo to dye hair strands was evaluated using human hair samples.
White hair strands were treated with the shampoo, which successfully stained the hair black.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Phytochemicals present in aqueous extract, petroleum ether, chloroform and ethanol of Indigofera tinctoria and Lawsonia inermis.
Evaluation of herbal hair dye shampoo
Physicochemical Parameters
The physicochemical properties of the plant extracts were evaluated. The total ash values for Indigofera tinctoria and Lawsonia inermis were 14.57% and 19.02%, respectively. The pH of the shampoo was found to be 6.67, which is within the ideal range for hair products.
SL NO |
COMPOUNDS |
Indigofera tinctoria |
Lawsonia inermis |
||||||
Water extract |
Petroleum ether |
Chloroform |
Ethanol |
Water extract |
Petroleum ether |
Chloroform |
Ethanol |
||
1 |
Carbohydrates |
+++ |
+ |
+ |
- |
+++ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
2 |
Protein |
+ |
- |
- |
- |
+ |
- |
- |
- |
3 |
Alkaloids |
++ |
- |
- |
+ |
++ |
- |
- |
++ |
4 |
Flavonoids |
+ |
- |
- |
+ |
+ |
- |
- |
+ |
5 |
Saponin |
+ |
- |
- |
+ |
- |
- |
- |
+ |
6 |
Steroid |
- |
+ |
- |
++ |
+ |
+ |
- |
+ |
7 |
Glycoside |
+++ |
+ |
+ |
++ |
+++ |
- |
- |
++ |
8 |
Tannins |
+ |
- |
- |
+ |
+ |
- |
- |
- |
SL NO |
TEST (%w/w) |
Indigofera tinctoria (%w/w) |
Lawsonia inermis (%w/w) |
1 |
Total ash |
14.572 |
19.02 |
2 |
Acid insoluble ash |
1.15 |
1.98 |
3 |
Water soluble ash |
1.43 |
1.59 |
4 |
Water soluble extractive value |
13.235 |
22.31 |
5 |
Alcohol soluble extractive value |
21.145 |
19.23 |
A. Staining Efficacy
The in vitro staining study confirmed that the herbal shampoo effectively colored white hair strands, turning them black without causing any hair damage or scalp irritation.
B. Stability
The shampoo remained stable over three months under various conditions, with no significant changes in color, pH, or consistency.
SL NO |
EVALUATION PARAMETER |
AT 0 DAYS |
AFTER 30 DAYS |
1 |
Appearance |
Brown black |
No change |
2 |
Viscosity |
17848 ±0.64 |
17848±0.64 |
3 |
Extrudability |
Good |
Good |
4 |
pH |
6.67±0.02 |
6.63±0.02 |
C. Homogeneity
It exhibited good homogeneity and washability.
SL NO |
FORMULATION |
HOMOGENEITY |
1 |
Control |
Homogeneous |
2 |
F1 |
Homogeneous |
CONCLUSION
The ultimate aim of the present work was to formulate herbal hair dye shampoo containing aqueous extract of Indigofera tinctoria, Lawsonia inermis. Plant materials needed for the study were purchased from local vendors . Collected plant materials were authenticated by Faras Bin Muhammed U.P, Msc Agronomy. Physicochemical parameters like ash value, extractive value, and moisture content were evaluated and the extracts were subjected to maceration process by using different solvents (ethanol, chloroform, petroleum ether, water). The extract were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening. From this major amount of constituents are present in aqueous extract. The herbal medicated hydroshampoo were formulated by using aqueous extract of Indigofera tinctoria, Lawsonia inermis. The physical parameters such as colour and appearance were observed and the result showed that the developed herbal hair shampoo was brown black in colour, translucent in appearance and showed good homogeneity. The ash value, pH, viscosity and stability were also performed. The prepared herbal hair dye shampoo showed good results. The invitro staining evaluation of colouring activity was done using hair strands and results were compared.
However in the present work herbal formulations reported to have more significant advantages over synthetic formulations. Hence we concluded that herbal hair dye shampoo offers a natural, gentle, effective, cheap, safe and eco friendly option for colouring hair. It provides a healthier alternative to traditional chemical dyes and can help to achieve beautiful, vibrant hair colour.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
It is a delightful moment for us to express our heartfelt gratitude and sincere thanks to our esteemed guide Dr. Arun Kumar KV, Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research for his constant guidance, valuable suggestions and encouragement. We are deeply indebted to Prof. Dr. M. Paridhavi, MPharm, PhD, FABAP, Principal, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, for his valuable advice and support to make the study successful. We also extend our sincere thanks to all teachers, who helped us for the completion of this dissertation.
REFERENCES
Arun Kumar K. V., Asnah K. P.*, C. H. Shabna, Hajara, Mohammed Azharudheen P. A., Afiya, Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Hair Dye Shampoo, Int. J. of Pharm. Sci., 2024, Vol 2, Issue 11, 308-311. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14044462