Formulation and Evolution of Polyherbal Shampoo

The essential component of human beauty is hair. Since ancient times, people have used herbs to clean, adorn, and manage their hair. These factors drew the public to herbal products because they are less costly and have less adverse effects. In addition to its capacity to clean hair, it also gives hair a glossy finish and keeps it manageable and oil-free.

Shampoo is a liquid or cream form of soap or detergent used to cleanse hair. Shampoo is a hair care product used to clean hair that usually comes in a viscous liquid form. Shampoo is intended to eliminate undesired accumulation between hairs without removing so much sebum that it becomes unmanageable. The most popular method of treating hair is shampooing. The main purpose of shampoos is to cleanse the scalp and hair. Even though herbal shampoos are safer and perform better than synthetic ones, it seems unlikely that they would be widely used by customers in the current market.

Ideal Properties of shampoo:

1. To make the hair smooth and shiny.
2. Produce good amount of foam.
3. Should not cause irritant to scalp, skin and eye.
4. Should completely, effectively remove dirt.
5. Impart pleasant fragrance to hair.

Functions of Shampoo:

1. It should effectively and completely remove dirt or soil.

2. It should effectively wash the hair.

3. It should produce a good amount of foam to satisfy the user.

4. It should be readily removed by rinsing with water.

5. It should impart a pleasant fragrance to the hair.

6. It should not have any side effects or causes irritation to the skin and eye.

Classification of Shampoo:

• 1. 1. Based on Appearance
• Liquid shampoo or lotion shampoo
• Gel shampoo or Solid shampoo
• Cream shampoo
• Oil shampoo

Based on Use or Function:

• Conditioning shampoo

• Antidandruff shampoo

• Therapeutic shampoo

• Baby shampoo

• Clarifying shampoo

3. Based on origin:

• Herbal shampoo

• Egg shampoo

• Hair Hygiene:

• Frequent washing: To get rid of product buildup, perspiration, oil, and grime, you must wash your hair on a regular basis. Your hair type and personal preferences will determine how often you should wash your hair. For most people, washing their hair two to three times a week is adequate.

• Scalp care: Because your scalp is so important to hair cleanliness, take note of its condition. While shampooing, gently massage your scalp to encourage blood flow and create a favorable environment for hair growth. Steer clear of styling products and high heat that could dry out or irritate your scalp.

• Proper Drying: Use a soft towel to gently pat dry your hair after washing it. Steer clear of excessive rubbing as this can harm your hair strands by creating friction. When at all feasible, let your hair air dry because blow dryers' high heat can cause breakage and dryness. Before utilizing any heat styling equipment, mist them with a heat protectant spray.

• Brushing and detangling: Frequent brushing keeps your hair healthy and shiny by distributing natural oils from the scalp to the individual hair strands. To gently untangle your hair, begin at the ends and work your way up with a soft-bristled brush or a wide-toothed comb. Avoid pushing or tugging too much since this can lead to breaking.

• Protection from Environmental Factors: Keep your hair safe from damaging elements like intense sunlight, high winds, and chlorinated water. To shield your hair from UV radiation and other environmental contaminants, put on a cap or wrap it in a scarf. Rinse your hair well to get rid of any residue after swimming in saltwater or chlorinated pools, then use a hydrating conditioner.

• Healthy Lifestyle: The condition of your hair is influenced by your general health and wellbeing. In order to promote healthy hair development, keep up a balanced diet full of proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Maintain proper hydration, control your stress levels, and get adequate sleep because these things can also impact the state of your hair.

2. Review Of Literature:

1. Vishal Kulkarni, Pingale Prashant, Et Al Shikakai and reetha have anti-dandruff properties; the current study examines the impact of snakegourd, shika kai, and reetha on this property. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of each herb's anti-dandruff properties as well as how those properties alter when combined in varying concentrations. These studies come to the conclusion that, when creating a decent anti-dandruff shampoo, are individual herbs sufficient or do they need to be combined for optimal results? To gain a better understanding of the effects of herbs' anti-dandruff properties, the current study also compares the prepared and marketet preparations.

2. Padmini K., Srikanth J., Lohita M., Swetha K., Rao P. Vengal, and Preethi P. Jaya (2013) The most popular hair treatment is shampooing. The main purpose of shampoos is to cleanse the hair and scalp. A more drastic strategy for making herbal shampoo more widely used would be to alter customer expectations by emphasizing efficacy and safety. The focus of this research is on composition, types, evaluation techniques, and a brief overview of herbal shampoo formulations.

3. Suraj Maurya, Manoj Kumar Yadav, Piyush Yadav, Pawan Maurya, Satyam Jaysawal, and Shashikant Maurya. (2021) Natural hair care products like herbal shampoo are used to get rid of oil, grime, and dandruff while also strengthening, darkening, and encouraging hair growth. Additionally, it gives the hair gloss, softness, and smoothness.

4. Deo S, Itankar P, and Utane R. (2017) We are losing the beauty, quality, strength, volume, and gloss of our hair by using commercial products. Every commercial product, including cleaners, has a harmful ingredient that causes hair damage.

5. Kundan J. Tiwari and Vinayak M. Chavan Aditya S. Bhor and Kiran A. Suryavanshi (2019) A number of factors, including pH, foam formation, viscosity, conditioning, and wet ability, were assessed during the laboratory-scale formulation in order to guarantee its efficacy and safety.

3.Rational Of the Study: - Need of Work:

? Herbal Shampoo Has Become More Advantageous Than Chemical Shampoo:

• Herbal shapoos are non-irritant and they have anti-dandruff properties.

• They are less harmful and have very few or no side effects.

• They are less harmful and have very few or no side effects.

• Herbal shampoo are the better option for even the most sensitive skin.

• It doesn't contain any abrasive additives.

Herbs and their extracts have been used for hair management, cleaning, and beauty since ancient times. These days, cosmetic products made with natural substances are beginning to be utilized again, following a real trend. It's interesting to note that many plants have positive effects on hair and are frequently utilized in shampoos due to their high vitamin, amino acid, sugar, glycoside, phytohormone, bioflavonoid, fruit acid, and essential oil content. As a result, numerous research studies on shampoos made with natural elements have been created. These products must be effective and safe for prolonged use, guaranteeing mild detergency and a pleasing appearance. However, choosing these natural chemicals and developing innovative formulation procedures are the key challenges in the tough task of creating cosmetics utilizing natural raw materials. Commercially available herbal shampoos, both liquid and powder, are still based on synthetic functional components that are enhanced with natural raw materials or extracts, according to Bellare et al. According to a number of Indian literature research, herbal shampoos are typically made with common traditional medications that Indians typically use to wash their hair.

Aim:-

Cleaning the hair and scalp, regulating oil production, nourishing, enhancing hair texture, preserving hair color, encouraging shine, resolving scalp problems, and guaranteeing safe use of natural components are all goals of herbal shampoo formulations.

Objectives:-

1. The Objective Of This Study Is To Formulate The Herbal Shampoo For Natural Hair Growthand Less Side Effects.

2. To Study The Herbal Shampoos For Hair Growth Are Made To Strengthen The Hair Folliclesby Giving Essential Oils And Nourishment All Through The Root And Follicles.

3. This, In Tum, Promotes Hair Growth And Stimulates The Formation Of New And Healthy Hair Roots.

4. Regular Usage Of Herbal Shampoos Can Do Wonders For Your Hairs.

5. Herbal Shampoo Provides Natural Colours To The Hairs

6. Herbal Shampoo Comes With Natural Herbal Extracts With Less Chemicals Which Leads To less Side Effects.

7. To Eliminate Harm ful synthetic ingridients from shampoo formulation and substituent them with a safe natural ingredients.

4. Plan Of Work: -

• Selection of pure drug

1. Beal fruit

2. Curry leaves

3. Flexseeds

4. Reetha

5. Aleo vera

6. Lemon juice

7. Hibiscus Flowers

• Preparation of material and methods:

1. Preparation of Distilled Water:

Distilled water was prepared in laboratory by using soxhlet apparatus. Tape water was  taken in round bottom flask . later it was put on the soxhlet extraction . After 30 min.- 1 hr. distilled water was collected from process

• Experimental design-

Formulation and evolution of herbal shampoo

• Result & discussion

• Conclusion

• Reference

5. Selection of Pure Drug

1.  Beal Fruit:

Synonym: golden apple, Japanese bitter orange, stone apple, wood apple.

Botanical Name: Aegle marmelos L.

Biological Sorce: The biological source of beal fruit is Aegle marmelos

Family: Rutaceae

        <a href="https://www.ijpsjournal.com/uploads/createUrl/createUrl-20250416182028-10.png" target="_blank">
            <img alt="Beal Fruit.png" height="150" src="https://www.ijpsjournal.com/uploads/createUrl/createUrl-20250416182028-10.png" width="150">
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Fig. 5.1 Beal Fruit

Chemical Constitute:

• Vitamins: Certain vitamins, such as biotin (vitamin B7), are typically added in hair care products. Biotin is believed to increase hair development and improve hair health.

• Antioxidant & anti-inflammatory flavonoids and phenols Kaempferol, rutin, and quercetin aid in shielding hair from environmental harm and oxidative stress.

Uses:

? Improve scalp health

? Nourishment of scalp

? Promotes hair growth over

2.Curry Leaves:

Synonyms: sweet neem leaves

Botanical Name: Murraya Koenigii

Biological Source: It is common name curry leaves trees is a small strong smelling perennial shrub commonly found in forests as undergrowth

Family: Rutaceae

        <a href="https://www.ijpsjournal.com/uploads/createUrl/createUrl-20250416182028-9.png" target="_blank">
            <img alt="Curry Leaves.png" height="150" src="https://www.ijpsjournal.com/uploads/createUrl/createUrl-20250416182028-9.png" width="150">
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Fig.5.2 Curry Leaves

Chemical Constituent:

• Vitamins: Vitamin C, vitamin B, and vitamin E are all found in curry leaves. These vitamins are essential for maintaining healthy hair follicles, encouraging hair growth, and halting hair loss.

• Antioxidants: Because curry leaves include substances like quercetin and kaempferol, they have antioxidant qualities. These antioxidants aid in shielding the hair follicles from free radical damage and oxidative stress.

Uses:

? Straighten the roots of hair

? Promote hair growth

? Treat dandruff

? Prevents hair Graying

3.Reetha:

Synonyms: soapnut, Soapberry.

Botanical Name: Sapindus mukorossi

Biological Source: Reetha is a fuit of plant Deciduos tree

Family: Sapindaceae

        <a href="https://www.ijpsjournal.com/uploads/createUrl/createUrl-20250416182028-8.png" target="_blank">
            <img alt="Reetha.png" height="150" src="https://www.ijpsjournal.com/uploads/createUrl/createUrl-20250416182028-8.png" width="150">
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Fig. 5.3 Reetha

Chemical Constituents:

• Natural saponins, especially a kind known as triterpenoids, are abundant in Reetha. When combined with water, these saponins provide a lathering effect and offer natural cleansing qualities, which makes reetha a useful natural substitute for traditional shampoos.

• Flavonoids: Plant substances with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant qualities, flavonoids are also present in reetha. These flavonoids may support general hair health by shielding the scalp and hair follicles from oxidative stress.

Uses:

? Promotes healthy hair

? Add shine to the hair

? Conditioning properties

? Improve scalp health

4. Aloe Vera:

Synonyms: Aloe barbadensis Mill., Aloe indica Royle, Aloe perfoliata L. var. vera

Botanical Name: Aleo bardadensis

Biological Source:It is the dried latex of the leaves of the aleo barbadensis miller plant

Family:Asphodelaceae ( Liliaceae)

        <a href="https://www.ijpsjournal.com/uploads/createUrl/createUrl-20250416182028-7.png" target="_blank">
            <img alt="Aleo vera.png" height="150" src="https://www.ijpsjournal.com/uploads/createUrl/createUrl-20250416182028-7.png" width="150">
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Fig 5.4 Aleo vera

Chemical constituent:

Vitamins, enzymes, minerals, sugars, lignin, saponins, salicylic acids and amino acids.

Uses:

? Strengthens hair. Aloe vera has many active ingredients and minerals that can help strengthen your hair.

? Controls greasy hair. Aloe vera has enzymes that break down fats and so strips your hair of any extra oil (sebum).

? Helps an itchy scalp.

? Protection from UV damage.

5.Flaxseeds:

Synonyms: Linseed, grain, Flaxseeds

Botanical Name: linum usitatissimum

Biological Source: Flaxseed come from the flax plant linum usitatissimum.

Family: Linaceae

        <a href="https://www.ijpsjournal.com/uploads/createUrl/createUrl-20250416182028-6.png" target="_blank">
            <img alt="Flexseeds.png" height="150" src="https://www.ijpsjournal.com/uploads/createUrl/createUrl-20250416182028-6.png" width="150">
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Fig.5.5 Flexseeds

Chemical Constituent:

It is a rich source of omega - 3 fatty acids especially a linolenic acid.

Uses:

? Hair growth: The B vitamins found in flaxseeds can promote the creation of red blood cells, which supply the scalp with nutrition and oxygen. They also include fiber and omega-3 fatty acids, which can increase the flexibility and strength of hair.

? Hair texture: Flaxseeds have the ability to soften, smooth, and manageably improve hair texture.

? Hair breakage: Flaxseeds can fortify hair from the ground up and stop hair breaking.

? Dry and damaged hair: Omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin E included in flaxseeds can help to nourish dry and damaged hair.

? Shine: Flaxseeds have the ability to make hair shine.

6.Lemon Juice:

Synonyms: Citrus lemon, lemon tree

Botanical Name: Citrus limon (L.) Burm.f Biological Source: It is obtain from Citrus plant. Family: Rutaceae.

        <a href="https://www.ijpsjournal.com/uploads/createUrl/createUrl-20250416182028-5.png" target="_blank">
            <img alt="Lemon Juice.png" height="150" src="https://www.ijpsjournal.com/uploads/createUrl/createUrl-20250416182028-5.png" width="150">
        </a>
Fig 5.6 Lemon Juice

Chemical Constituent:

These compounds include citric acid, hesperidin, diosmin, eriocitrin, and d-limonene

Uses:

? Add More shine.

? Get rid of dandruff

? Split ends

? Reduces Hair fall

? Gives Natural colour to hairs

? Detox the scalp

? Promotes the growth of hairs

? Great hair mask for dry and damage hairs

7.Hibiscus:

Synonyms: China rose, rose mallow, Hawaiian hibiscus.

Botanical Name: Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Biological Source: The plant genus Hibiscus Family: Malvaceae

        <a href="https://www.ijpsjournal.com/uploads/createUrl/createUrl-20250416182028-4.png" target="_blank">
            <img alt="Hibiscus Flowers.png" height="150" src="https://www.ijpsjournal.com/uploads/createUrl/createUrl-20250416182028-4.png" width="150">
        </a>
Fig 5.7 Hibiscus Flowers

Chemical Constituent: Hibiscus flowers contain compounds like flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and amino acids, which are believed to promote hair growth, strengthen hair shafts, and improve scalp health.

Uses:

? Promoting Hair Growth and Strength:

? Stimulates Hair Follicles:

? Hibiscus is believed to stimulate hair follicles, encouraging new hair growth and improving keratin production, which is essential for strong, healthy hair.

? Nourishes and Strengthens Hair:

? Hibiscus is packed with essential nutrients and vitamins that nourish hair follicles, strengthening hair and reducing breakage.

? Hibiscus can add shine and smoothness to hair, making it look healthy and vibrant.

5. Drug Profile:

Description: -

Name: Quercetin

Synonyms: 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one

Structure:

        <a href="https://www.ijpsjournal.com/uploads/createUrl/createUrl-20250416182028-3.png" target="_blank">
            <img alt="Structure Of Quercetin.png" height="150" src="https://www.ijpsjournal.com/uploads/createUrl/createUrl-20250416182028-3.png" width="150">
        </a>
Fig. No. 5.1: Structure Of Quercetin

AS registry No: 117-39.5 Molecular formula: C15H10O7

Molecular weight: 302.23g/mol

Chemical name: 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4- one

Properties: Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant. Uses: It helps to prevent hair loss

Physicochemical properties-

Melting point : 316°C

Solubility   : water soluble

Storage       : Room temperature

Side effects: - : Headache and upset of stomach

? Preparation of Plant Extract:

1.Curry leaves (Murraya koinigii) Extract:

After letting the gathered leaves dry in the sun for two to three days, they are ground into a coarse powder with a mortar and pestle. 30g of crude powder was weighed, and the Soxhlet apparatus was used to extract the material successively using a 9:1 ratio of organic solvents, such as methanol and water. The combination underwent seven to eight consecutive rounds of heating at 60°C. On a water bath, the extract was gathered and allowed to evaporate. Finally, a phytochemical examination is performed on the isolated components.

2. Bael fruit (Aegle Marmelos) Extract:

Using a mortar and pestle, the gathered fruits are ground into a coarse powder after being chopped into small pieces and allowed to completely dry. Following homogenization, 30g of crude powder was weighed, and the Soxhlet apparatus was used to extract the material successively using a 9:1 ratio of organic solvents, such as methanol and water. For seven to eight consecutive cycles, the mixture was heated on a heating mental at 60°C. On a water bath, the extract was gathered and allowed to evaporate. Finally, a phytochemical examination is performed on the isolated components.

3. Reetha (Sapindus mukorossi) Extract:

With just minor adjustments, the extract of Sapindus mukorossi was made in accordance with Chen et al. 2021. After being cleaned, 50 g of the dried Sapindus mukorossi (soap nut) shells were steeped in 100 ml of distilled water for the entire night. After six hours of agitation on a rotary shaker, the resulting mixture was boiled for 20 minutes at 60 degrees Celsius on a heating mantle. After allowing the extract to cool, it was centrifuged for ten minutes at 3200 rpm. After filtering, the extract was kept for the following step.

MATERIAL AND METHOD:

Table 6.1: List of Materials:

Drugs and chemicals:

Beal Fruit Extract,Curry Leaves extract,Hibiscus powder, Aloe vera, flexseed Solution ,Gelatin , Methyl Parabean ,Reetha powder , Jasmine , Lemom Oil, , H20

Glassware’s and instruments:

• Glassware:

• Beaker
• mechanical stirrer
• weighing balance
• mortal pastle

• Instruments:

• Ostwald Viscometer
• Stalagmometer
• Heating mantal
• pH meter

Method of Preparations:

Steps: