Dr. Kolpe Institute of Pharmacy, Kolpewadi, Kopargaon, Ahilyanagar, Maharashtra- 423602.
Multiple plant-based ingredients are combined in polyherbal hair oils to effectively address a range of hair concerns. With coconut oil, castor oil, olive oil, and argan oil as the base, a study was conducted to create such an oil using fresh leaves from Hibiscus Russianness, Aloe vera, curry leaves, amla, bhringraj, neem leaves, vetiver roots, jatamansi, onion seeds, and fenugreek seeds. Essential oil of rose merry is used as a fragrance. Organoleptic characteristics, phytochemical screening, specific gravity, pH, viscosity, acid value, saponification value, refractive index, and stability studies were among the extensive assessments that were performed on the prepared oil. The zone inhibition method was used to measure antimicrobial activity, and DPPH radical scavenging tests were used to measure antioxidant capacity. The oil showed promise in minimizing hair loss, nourishing the scalp, encouraging hair growth, and reducing dandruff.
In animals worldwide, hair has a number of beneficial properties. It surrounds the top and other delicate parts of the frame with a protective cushion. Hair oils are designed to give hair the right amount of shine and gloss by applying a thin, continuous layer of an oily substance to the hair's surface without making it sticky. Hair oil contains a variety of plants, including hibiscus, amla, and almond. Because it encourages hair growth, hair oil is especially popular. improve hair appearance and stop hair loss. Products for hair care include hair oil. Hair care merchandise is characterized by compositions that can be used to clean, modify the texture of hair, nourish hair, and maintain the healthy appearance of hair. Hair oil is a component used in hair care products to treat hair disorders such as baldness, greying, hair loss, and dry hair. It also enables hair to be nourished. Due to the growing popularity of natural cosmetics and the fact that they are more effective with fewer side effects and that their ingredients are trouble-free, herbal cosmetics are in high demand. Coconut oil is the most deserved oil base of all because it permeates into hair strands more efficiently and is more affordable than other oils. It is advised to use coconut oil with herbal drugs for the best hair development.[2]
Fig 1: Herbs
There are different types of evaluation test for hair oils such as:
• Acid value test
• Saponification test
• Viscosity
• Specific gravity
• Ph etc.[3]
Hair:
Hair is an essential component of the human body, protecting the scalp and contributing significantly to our general look and self-esteem. Along with the sebaceous and sweat glands, hair is one of the vital body parts that are thought to be protective appendages and an accessory structure of the integument.
Structure of hair:
Hair follicle: A tubular structure that envelops and sustains the hair shaft is the human hair follicle. The hair follicle's cells divide quickly to create new hair cells. The cells stiffen and become keratinized as they ascend the follicle. Sebum, an oily fluid that lubricates and preserves hair, is produced by the sebaceous gland, which is affixed to the base of the hair follicle.[4] [5]
1. Infundibulum: Reaches from the surface opening of the follicle to the level of the sebaceous gland entrance.[7]
2. Isthmus: Reaches the level where the arrector pilli muscle inserts from the infundibulum.
3. Inferior segment: The dermal papilla, a tuff of vascularized loose connective tissue, invaginates the base of the bulb. Numerous blood vessels can be seen in the hair's papilla, which also supplies nutrients for hair growth.[6]
Hair shaft:
The medulla, cortex, and cuticle are the three layers that make up the hair shaft. The innermost layer, known as the medulla, is made up of air-filled cells. The middle layer, known as the cortex, is made up of cells that contain the protein keratin, which gives hair its strength and suppleness. The outermost layer of hair, known as the cuticle, is made up of overlapping scales that shield the interior layers.[7]
1. Medulla: The middle portion of hair is called the medulla. It will either be divided or segmented, or it will be continuous or doubled. They frequently resemble hollow tubes or are crammed with cells.[8]
2. Cortex: Hair gets its colour from melanin, the largest component of the hair shaft.[9]
3. Cuticle: The cuticle is the transparent outer layer of the hair shaft. It is made up of overlapping scales that protect the inner layers of the hair.[10]
Hair Types:
Hair Types: Depending on its texture, curl pattern, and other attributes, hair can be divided into a number of types.
1.Straight hair: Hair without a natural curl or wave that rests flat on the head.
Fig 2: Hair Anatomy
2. Wavy hair: Hair with a loose "S" form and a soft, flowing curl.
3. Curly hair: Hair with a tighter "S" shape and a more noticeable curl pattern.
4. Kinky hair: Hair with a tightly coiled curl or zigzag pattern.
5. Coily hair: Hair having a cylindrical shape and a tightly coiled curl pattern.[11]
Hair Growth Cycle:
There are three stages to hair growth:
1. Anagen phase: The time when hair grows actively and quickly. This stage may extend for two to six years.
2. Catagen phase: A brief period of transition during which the hair follicle begins to shrink and hair growth slows down. This stage lasts for two to three weeks.
3. The resting phase, or telogen phase, is when hair is broken free from the follicle and falls out. This stage may extend for three to four months.[12]
Hair Growth Rate:
Although each person's hair growth rate is unique, generally speaking:
Fig 3: Hair Cycle
Causes of Hair Diseases:
Drug Profile:
Coconut oil:
Castor oil:
Curry leaves:
Amla:
Fenugreek:
Hibiscus flower and leaves:
Aloevera:
Vetiver roots:
Jatamansi:
Bhringraj:
Onion seeds:
Rosemary oil:
Shankhpushpi:
Kalonji:
MATERIALS AND METHOD:
1. Preparation of coconut oil- Collect the mature coconut and remove the husk properly. Crack the coconuts and remove the flesh from the shell. Now chop the coconut flesh into smaller pieces and blend it using water. Strain the mixture through the cheese cloth to separate coconut milk from the pulp. Leave the coconut milk for at least 24 hours at the cool place and the layer of the curd will appear at the top. Refrigerate the curd for 1-2 hour as it gets harden more quickly. Take the refrigerate curd and heat it over the low to medium flame. Continuously stir the milk to prevent burning and allow the oil to separate. Once the oil separates allow the mixture to cool and strain the oil through cheese cloth.[20]
Table no: 1
|
|
Ingredients |
Quantity Given (100 Ml) |
Quantity Taken (600 Ml) |
|
1 |
Coconut oil |
133 ml |
800 ml |
|
2 |
Castor oil |
20 ml |
100 ml |
|
3 |
Rosemery oil |
10 ml |
60 ml |
|
4 |
Fenugreek seeds |
3 g |
18 g |
|
5 |
Amla powder |
8 g |
48 g |
|
6 |
Hibiscus flower |
2 g |
12 g |
|
7 |
Bhringraj |
4 g |
24 g |
|
8 |
Curry leaves |
2 g |
12 g |
|
9 |
Vetiver roots |
2 g |
12 g |
|
10 |
Jatamansi |
1.5 g |
9 g |
|
11 |
Brahmi powder |
1.66 g |
9.96 g |
|
12 |
Nagarmotha |
2 g |
12 g |
|
13 |
Kalonji |
3.33 g |
20 g |
|
14 |
Shankpushpi |
3 g |
18 g |
|
15 |
Onion seeds |
3 g |
18 g |
|
16 |
Aloevera |
10 ml |
60 ml |
|
17 |
Flex seeds |
2 g |
12 g |
|
18 |
Neem leaves |
4 g |
12 g |
|
19 |
Almonds |
1 g |
6 g |
|
20 |
Vitamin E capsule |
5 |
30 |
2. Add castor oil into coconut oil.
3. Crush the fenugreek seeds using mortar pestle. It will help to release nutrients into oil. Add them into oil mixture.
4. Include curry leaves and neem leaves- Wash and dry both leaves. Tear them into small pieces and add into oil. These have ability to strengthen hair and fight against dandruff.
5. Add amla and bhringraj powder to oil mixture. Amla is reach in vitamin C and antioxidant. Bhringraj is known as “King of herbs” for hair growth.
6. Tear the hibiscus flower into small pieces and add them into oil.
7. Add vetiver roots, jatamansi, nagarmotha, kalonji, shankpushpi into the mixture oil. These are rich in nutrients which are essentials for hair growth. Add onion seeds and flex seeds.
8. Use alovera gel extracted through decoction process. In which alovera gel is boiled in water until it reduces to half of its original volume. This method is more suited for using the gel for medicinal purposes.
9. Pour the oil mixture and heat at the low flame. Stir it and heat the mixture for 30 min. Ensure that the oil does not reach in high temperature, it can destroy nutrients.
10. After oil is cool, strain it using sieve and remove the solid particles. Pour the strain oil into clean and dry bottle.
11. Add the rosemary essential oil. For the rosemary oil take the Rosemary leaves add into the olive oil and put it for 2-3 weeks under maceration process. Shake it daily. After 2-3 weeks strain the oil and solid particles are removes through it. It works for fragrance and also has essential properties.
Evaluation Of Herbal Oil:
The formulated herbal oil was evaluated for parameters like pH, acid value, saponification value, refractive index, viscosity and organoleptic parameters.[18][19]
1.Acid value: 25 millilitres of ethanol and 25 millilitres of ether were combined with 10 millilitres of oil. Using 0.1M potassium hydroxide solution, phenolphthalein was used as an indicator, and the acid value was 5.61n/w. where n is the number of millilitres of 0.1M KOH w = Oil Weight
2. Value of saponification: A 250 ml iodine flask was filled with 2g of precisely weighed oil. After adding 25 millilitres of 0.5M alcoholic potassium hydroxide, the mixture was reflux-boiled for 30 minutes in a water bath. After adding phenolphthalein as an indicator, the mixture was titrated against 0.5M HCl ('a' ml). Likewise, blank ('b' ml) was carried out without the sample. Value of Saponification: 28.05(b-a)/w where w is the solution's weight in grams.
3. pH: A pH meter was used to determine the herbal oil's pH.
4. Viscosity: Ostwald's viscometer was used to measure viscosity.
5. Specific gravity: A pycnometer or specific gravity bottle was used to measure the prepared oil's specific gravity.
6. Refractive index: A refractometer was used to calculate it.
7. Organoleptic property: Skin irritation, colour, and odour were assessed by hand. To check for skin irritation, oil was applied to the hand and left in the sun for five minutes.
Fig 19: Herbal Hair Oil
RESULT:
The prepared herbal hair oil use in the above mention ingredients was evaluated for the following parameters and the results are tabulated.
Table no: 2
|
Sr. No. |
Parameters |
Observation
|
|
1 |
Colour |
Brownish green |
|
2 |
Odour |
Characteristic herbal aroma |
|
3 |
Specific gravity |
0.90 |
|
4 |
Viscosity |
38.82 cP |
|
5 |
Ph |
5.6 |
|
6 |
Acid value |
2.5mg KOH/g |
|
7 |
Saponification value |
170mg KOH/g |
|
8 |
Irritation test |
Non irritant |
|
9 |
Refractive index |
1.29 |
DISCUSSION:
Excellent cosmetic appeal, physicochemical stability, and effectiveness in promoting the health of the hair and scalp were all displayed by the herbal hair oil. Numerous herbs working in concert provided a wide range of advantages, such as increased hair growth, nourishment, decreased microbial load, and enhanced hair texture. The study supports the inclusion of these herbs in contemporary herbal compositions and verifies their traditional use. Future research on a larger sample population and longer treatment times is advised to establish the long-term advantages and safety of this formulation, which can be further developed into a commercially viable product. The current study set out to create and assess a polyherbal hair oil using certain medicinal herbs that have long been used to enhance scalp health, prevent hair loss, and encourage hair growth. Because of their potent nourishing qualities and compatibility with scalp pH, the herbs Amla, Bhringraj, Brahmi, Jatamansi, Kalonji, and onion seed were added to a base of coconut oil and sesame oil.
CONCLUSION:
Herbal oil encourages the growth of natural hair and supplies a variety of vital nutrients needed to keep sebaceous glands functioning normally. Guidelines for using herbal ingredients to make herbal hair oil with few or no negative effects are provided by this study. All of the metrics indicated that they were within acceptable bounds, and because each of the additional substances has numerous benefits, this oil will support healthy hair growth, color gray hair black, prevent dandruff, and produce shiny hair.
REFERENCES
Kuldipak Parkhe Radhakisan, Ravindra Pawade Sopan, Chatur Shubhangi Bhagwan, Vairal Shivam Laxman, Khandezod Buddhghosh Jaykisan, Chaudhari Sushant Sopan, Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Hair Oil, Int. J. of Pharm. Sci., 2025, Vol 3, Issue 6, 5194-5202. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15753850
10.5281/zenodo.15753850
