Over 2 million persons in the US suffer from rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic condition whose exact origin is yet unknown. The synovium is the target of this inflammatory disease, which causes pain, stiffness, swelling, joint abnormalities, and impaired function. The American College of Rheumatology advises early detection and intervention with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic medications to reduce permanent joint damage given the lack of a cure or prophylactic measures. [1] Even with early diagnosis, the efficacy of existing rheumatoid arthritis drugs is frequently restricted, and there can be substantial toxicity risks associated with these treatments. For symptom relief, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is a popular choice among rheumatoid arthritis sufferers. Research shows that those who are dissatisfied with traditional treatments and have chronic pain, particularly those with RA, are more prone to look into alternative therapy. For rheumatoid arthritis, among the most popular treatments are chiropractic and herbal therapy, with between 60% and 90% of patients opting for complementary and alternative medicine. [2]. The necessity for more extensive study on the efficacy and safety of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is highlighted by the growing interest in alternative medical practices. A 2000 review was constrained by the absence of studies contrasting herbal medicines with active comparators. Therefore, by analysing randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that compared herbal preparations with other control therapies, the goal of this systematic review was to assess the current clinical data on the efficacy of herbal medications in controlling rheumatoid arthritis (RA). [3] An autoimmune disease known as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by symmetrical, ongoing joint inflammation. It usually starts in minor joints and can move to larger ones, potentially affecting the skin, eyes, heart, kidneys, and lungs, among other organs. Destroying bone and cartilage along with weakening tendons and ligaments are all part of the joint degeneration associated with RA. [4] In patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), severe joint deterioration commonly results in painful deformities and bone erosion. Common signs and symptoms include sore, swollen, heated joints; exhaustion; fever; weight loss; and the formation of subcutaneous rheumatoid nodules. Morning stiffness that lasts longer than thirty minutes is also common. Between the ages of 35 and 60 is when RA usually first manifests. It is marked by flare-ups and remission intervals. The condition known as juvenile RA (JRA), which is comparable to RA but does not include rheumatoid factor, can also affect children. [5-6]. In the Western world, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is estimated to affect 1 to 2% of the population, while globally, the prevalence is approximately 1%. [7-8]. Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) differ in various ways from a clinical standpoint. Whereas OA typically affects the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint, RA primarily targets the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) and metacarpophalangeal (MP) joints. In contrast to RA, OA does not affect the immune system, heart, or lungs and is caused by degenerative changes as opposed to an autoimmune reaction. Furthermore, RA typically has symmetrical involvement, whereas OA frequently affects only one side of the body. In OA, morning stiffness usually goes away in 20 to 30 minutes, but in RA, it might linger for over an hour. [9-10]. The goals of RA treatment are to lessen pain and inflammation, enhance joint function, and shield joints against deterioration and deformity. A combination of prescription drugs, weight-bearing activities, patient education, and rest intervals are usually used in treatment. These tactics are customized for each patient, taking into account variables such as the degree of the disease, the joints that are afflicted, age, general health, type of work, compliance with therapy, and awareness of the condition. [11].

       
           
       
    Fig No. 1

Anti-Inflammatory-

Inflammation acts as the body's built-in defense, responding to a variety of harmful factors such as pathogens, cellular damage, radiation, and toxins.It begins the body's healing process, activating natural mechanisms to mend and rejuvenate damaged tissues.[12-13]Inflammation is commonly correlated with major diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and heart disease, among others, via numerous pathways.Many natural plant compounds have the potential to regulate these pathways and effectively reduce inflammation.[14]An important step in the healing process of wounds is inflammation, which is brought on by injuries to the skin or other soft tissues.Increased collagen production is the outcome of this inflammatory reaction, which starts cellular activity underneath the dermis. This rise in collagen levels facilitates the regeneration of epithelial tissue, which is crucial for the healing process.[15]In recent studies, researchers conducted investigations to assess the effects of bark extract and ash on burn wounds in Sprague Dawley rats.They developed several ointment formulations for topical use and discovered that those with ash and aqueous extract were especially successful in enhancing wound healing. Formulations containing methanolic and chloroform extracts, on the other hand, were the least effective. Notably, ointments containing bark ash and aqueous extract achieved complete wound contraction within 15 days, indicating rapid wound closure and successful healing. Additionally, granulation tissue formation, cellular proliferation, and gradual re-epithelization were also seen in the treated wounds[16].

       
           
       
    Fig No.2-Pharmacological action of banyan Tree

Method -

1. Extraction of banyan leaves  through Soxhlet apparatus and use of ethanol then  heating mantle through heat.fix the temperature 75º take then assemble. take the 24 hours then collect the  extract.
2. Decoction of banyan leaves - take leaves of banyan mix with ethanol and heating mantle through heat.fix the temperature of 75º then filter and collect  the filterate.
3. Ginger extraction - Tincture prepare. To soak ginger roots in ethanol for 1 day then filtrate and take ginger water.
4. After extraction of  crude drug then we started the preparation of herbal cream.

Step-1(For Oil Phase): 

Heating ingredients .A beaker containing Linseed oil, Liquid Paraffin,Cetyl Alcohol, Glyceryl Monostrate,Petroleum jelly,Beeswax mix together  at 70-75ºc until melt.

Step-2 (for Water Phase): 

Heating ingredients In a beaker Banyan extract, Ginger extract, Menthol,Camphor,Glycerin,  Distill Water  mix together at 70-75º until melt.

 Add oil phase into water phase under continuous stering until cream formulation.: stirring  oil in water with the help of Homogenizer and formulate the cream. : Self-emulsifying  agent -Glyceryl Monostrate.

Step-3 During the mixing process,

cream was cooled to 30°C and stored in a container away from direct sunlight.[17-18]

       
           
       
    Fig No.9- Cream 1(Homogenizer)

       
           
       
    Fig No. 10 - Cream 2(Homogenizer)

       
           
       
    Fig No.12-  Brookfield  Viscometer

2. Consistency-

Smooth texture.

3. Washability:

Cream was applied in skin and it was easily washable in skin.

4. Stability  :

Stability  in various temperature conditions to check the stability of the cream.

5. Skin Irritancy Test:

when  cream apply  small amount in the skin of human and the effect was observed.it is a cooling effect show.

6. PH Test:

The PH of the prepared cream was measured using PH paper and found to be slightly acidic.

7. Spreadability:

It was observed that the product could be smoothly spread across the skin's surface post-application.

Result -

Table No 3: Physio chemical parameter of Herbal formulation